How does high clay content in soil affect drainage?

High clay content in soil affects drainage by significantly reducing it. Clay particles are very small and compact closely together, creating a dense structure that inhibits the movement of water. This means that when rain falls or irrigation occurs, the water struggles to permeate through the soil due to these fine particles' tendency to hold onto water rather than allowing it to flow through. As a result, soils with high clay content can lead to waterlogging and poor drainage, impacting plant growth and overall soil health. This relationship between soil texture and water movement is crucial for understanding soil management in agricultural practices.