Which agricultural practice can help improve soil fertility?

Organic matter amendments significantly enhance soil fertility by increasing the soil's nutrient content, improving its structure, and promoting beneficial microbial activity. When materials such as compost, manure, or green manure are added to the soil, they decompose, releasing essential nutrients that plants require for growth. Additionally, organic matter enhances the ability of the soil to retain water and improves aeration, which is vital for root development. This practice helps build a healthy ecosystem in the soil, leading to long-term fertility and sustainability in agricultural systems.

In contrast, excessive tilling can lead to soil erosion and depletion of organic matter, negatively impacting soil health over time. While synthetic fertilizers provide immediate nutrients, they can contribute to issues like nutrient leaching and soil degradation if overused. Pesticide application is primarily aimed at managing pests and diseases but does not directly contribute to soil fertility. Therefore, using organic matter amendments represents the most effective and holistic approach to enhancing soil fertility.